I fail to recall the reason for this but why are you installing ezurio-qcacld-2.0-dkms with version 0.0~git20230623.2cd31b6-4 instead of using version 0.0~git20240408.aa96a9f+dfsg-1~bpo12+1 from bookworm-backports?
See Debian -- Details of source package ezurio-qcacld-2.0-dkms in bookworm-backports
The firmware workaround is still necessary because my package ezurio-qca-firmware has been in NEW since the beginning of July: ezurio-qca-firmware - Debian NEW package overview
Thanks!